Bills
End qualified immunity in Arizona
Case Studies
Bills and Legislation
HB 2591
Introduced in 2021
Failed
Originally introduced in the 2021 legislative session, this bill died in committee because the Republican majority refused to consider a vote. This bill was one of many police reform bills introduced by Democrats that did not get voted out of committee. When introduced in 2022 as HB2518, it did not move past the first committee reading.
end
(3/4legislation passed)
- ✓
Ends Qualified Immunity for all law enforcement officers
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, "Notwithstanding any other law,** a peace officer **who, in the performance of the peace officer's duties or the failure to intervene, subjects another person or causes another person to be subjected to the deprivation of any individual right that creates a binding obligation on a government actor and that is secured by the rights enumerated in the Declaration of Rights, Article II, Constitution of Arizona, is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief. **Qualified immunity is not a defense to liability pursuant to this section."**
- ✗
Ends Qualified Immunity for all public employees
No, the bill does not meet the standard.
- ✓
Ends Qualified Immunity for all state constitutional violations
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, "notwithstanding any other law, a peace officer who, in the performance of the peace officer's duties or the faillure to intervene, subjects another person or causes another person to be subjected to the deprivation of **any individual right that creates a binding obligation on a government actor and that is secured by the rights enumerated in the declaration of rights, Article II, Constitution of Arizona, **is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief."
- ✓
Ends monetary caps on all public liability amounts
Yes, monetary caps on liability are unconstitutional in Arizona.
start
(4.5/5legislation passed)
- ✓
Implements a failure-to-intervene clause
Partially, the proposed legislation addresses officer intervention, but does not require reporting an intervention. Section 1 of the bill states, "notwithstanding any other law, a peace officer who, in the performance of the peace officer's duties or the failure to intervene, subjects another person or causes another person to be subjected to the deprivation of any individual right that creates a binding obligation on a government actor and that is secured by the rights enumerated in the declaration of rights, Article II, Constitution of Arizona, is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief."
- ✓
Guarantees that victims are compensated the full amount awarded
Yes, section 1 of the bill states,"notwithstanding any provision of this section, if the peace officer's portion of the judgement is uncollectable from the peace officer, **the peace officer's employer or insurer shall satisfy the full amount of the judgement or settlement**."
- ✓
Starts attorney fees
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, “In an action brought pursuant to this section, **a court shall award reasonable attorney fees and costs to a prevailing plaintiff. **In an action for injunctive relief, a court shall deem a plaintiff to have prevailed if the plaintiff's suit was a substantial factor or significant catalyst in obtaining the results sought by the litigation.
- ✓
Starts holding individual employees accountable
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, "If the peace officer did not act on a good faith and reasonable belief that the action was lawful, **the peace officer is personally liable and may not be indemnified by the peace officer's employer for five percent of the judgment of settlement or $25,000, whichever is less."**
- ✓
Starts disclosing public records
Yes, Arizona Statutes §§ 39-121 - 39-128 and § 38-1109, state that police disciplinary records are available to the public provided the internal investigation has closed and any appeals process has concluded. In 1998, the Arizona Court of Appeals found in Bolm v. Custodian of Records of the Tucson Police Department that while official records of discipline are public, other personnel evaluations or internal affairs investigation records may still potentially be withheld on privacy grounds.
HB 2518
Introduced in 2022
Failed
Originally introduced in the 2021 legislative session as HB2518, this bill died in committee because the Republican majority refused to consider a vote. This bill was one of many police reform bills introduced by Democrats that did not get voted out of committee. When introduced in 2022, it did not move past the first committee reading.
end
(3/4legislation passed)
- ✓
Ends Qualified Immunity for all law enforcement officers
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, "**Qualified immunity is not a defense to liability pursuant to this section**. Notwithstanding any other law, **a peace officer **who, in the performance of the peace officer's duties or the failure to intervene, subjects another person or causes another person to be subjected to the deprivation of any individual right that creates a binding obligation on a government actor and that is secured by the rights enumerated in the Declaration of Rights, Article II, Constitution of Arizona, is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief."
- ✗
Ends Qualified Immunity for all public employees
No, the bill does not meet this standard.
- ✓
Ends Qualified Immunity for all state constitutional violations
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, "notwithstanding any other law, a peace officer who, in the performance of the peace officer's duties or the failure to intervene, **subjects another person or causes another person to be subjected to the deprivation of any individual right that creates a binding obligation on a government actor and that is secured by the rights enumerated in the declaration of rights, Article II, Constitution of Arizona**, is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief."
- ✓
Ends monetary caps on all public liability amounts
Yes, monetary caps on liability are unconstitutional in Arizona.
start
(4.5/5legislation passed)
- ✓
Implements a failure-to-intervene clause
Partially, the proposed legislation addresses officer intervention, but does not require reporting an intervention. Section 1 of the bill states, "notwithstanding any other law, a peace officer who, in the performance of the peace officer's duties or the failure to intervene, subjects another person or causes another person to be subjected to the deprivation of any individual right that creates a binding obligation on a government actor and that is secured by the rights enumerated in the declaration of rights, Article II, Constitution of Arizona, is liable to the injured party for legal or equitable relief or any other appropriate relief."
- ✓
Guarantees that victims are compensated the full amount awarded
Yes, section 1 of the bill states,"notwithstanding any provision of this section, if the peace officer's portion of the judgement is uncollectable from the peace officer, **the peace officer's employer or insurer shall satisfy the full amount of the judgement or settlement**."
- ✓
Starts attorney fees
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, “In an action brought pursuant to this section, **a court shall award reasonable attorney fees and costs to a prevailing plaintiff. **In an action for injunctive relief, a court shall deem a plaintiff to have prevailed if the plaintiff's suit was a substantial factor or significant catalyst in obtaining the results sought by the litigation.
- ✓
Starts holding individual employees accountable
Yes, section 1 of the bill states, "If the peace officer did not act on a good faith and reasonable belief that the action was lawful, **the peace officer is personally liable and may not be indemnified by the peace officer's employer for five percent of the judgment of settlement or $25,000, whichever is less."**
- ✓
Starts disclosing public records
Yes, Arizona Statutes §§ 39-121 - 39-128 and § 38-1109, state that police disciplinary records are available to the public provided the internal investigation has closed and any appeals process has concluded. In 1998, the Arizona Court of Appeals found in Bolm v. Custodian of Records of the Tucson Police Department that while official records of discipline are public, other personnel evaluations or internal affairs investigation records may still potentially be withheld on privacy grounds.
Case studies in Arizona
Qualified immunity impacts everyone. Officers in your state are violating community members’ rights without consequence.
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